Many people in the skin have benign soft outgrowths of flesh, colored.In most cases, they have a "leg".In everyday life, such skin formations were called warts.But in dermatology, they are called papillomas.
These neoplasms can occur in any part of the body.The most common are the armpits, neck and inguinal region.If you do not pay attention to them, they are able to increase their size, injure when contact with clothes and bleed.
Why skin polyps arise, whether we contact a doctor and how to get rid of them forever - we will look in our article.
Why papillomas appear
The main culprit for this pathology is HPV or human papillomavirus.He has almost every person in the body.But not everyone has external manifestations in the form of outgrowths.This is due to the fact that with good health the virus is safely suppressed by immune cells.And after 2-3 years, in most cases, it independently disappears from the body.
What is this virus?HPV is a non -warming virus that is embedded in skin DNA skin and mucous membranes.It is located on the surface without leaving the deep layers of the dermis.
For many months and even years he is in a state of sleep.By reducing immunity for various reasons, the virus is activated and begins to grow.This is how papillomas arise.
Factors that negatively affect the immune system include:
- Constant stress.
- Poor or monotonous meals.
- Lack of vitamins.
- Chronic fatigue.
- A passive lifestyle.
- Bad habits.
- Malignant tumors.
- Transfer serious infectious diseases.
- Uncontrolled antibiotic intake.
Older people are at risk, because due to age -related changes, the body is worse, encounters viruses.Often skin formations are common in children.Unformed immunity of the child is not able to cope with the virus.And he, after 2-3 months after the infection, enters the active phase.
Important! If a person is infected with HPV, then it is impossible to completely remove it from the body.Either it occurs for suicide, or it falls into hibernation with increased immunity.
Risk factors for women
During pregnancy, a natural inhibition of the immune system occurs in women.This is necessary so that the body does not perceive the embryo as an extraterrestrial object and enables it to attach itself to the uterus.If a woman in the body has human papillomavirus, then he will definitely use this moment.Therefore, in pregnant women, the onset of papillomas is a common problem.
Risk factors for men
The causes of skin formations in men are hiding in alcohol abuse, the frequent change in sexual partners, smoking.Poor habits adversely affect the state of general immunity and the constant inhalation of inhalation of tobacco smoke of the local protection of the oral cavities and respiratory organs.This can cause such a serious disease as larynx papillomatosis.
The average latent (hidden) period lasts from 3 months to the year.With strong health, the infected person remains only a carrier, without external manifestations.But the danger is that he is able to infect another person.
Ways to infect HPV
The causative agent is able to survive outside the human body for some time.The infection most often occurs by transmitting the virus through the path of the contact house.This can be a handshake, touch, as well as the use of common household items, toys.Cases of infection in public recreation are common.These are bathrooms, swimming pools, water parks.
But in order to penetrate the dermal layer of the skin, one condition is required - damage to the skin.There will be enough micro -cracks or small abrasions for infection.
In a newborn baby, the infection occurs vertically, that is, from the mother's carrier during the birth or breastfeeding process.
Genital, pointed papillomas or warts are transmitted only through unprotected sexual contact.Self extension is also possible, that is, the transfer of the virus from one part of the body to another.This happens when the combing or injury of growth, for example, during shaving.
The main types and types of papillomas
There are many HPV strains.Medicine is known for only 200 types of viruses.Some of them affect only areas of the body, others - the mucous membranes of the genitals, while others occur in the oral cavity and larynx.
Among the known species there are species that have high oncogenic risk.For example, the most dangerous for a woman are viruses 16, 18 and 31. They are often detected with erosion of the cervix and also cause its degeneration in cancer tumor.The presence in the body of highly oncogenic species of viruses does not mean that one will necessarily have oncology.But this requires a more careful attitude towards health and observation by a specialist.
The following types of papillomas are distinguished in size and shape:
- Vulgar - These are ordinary, the most common growths.They often appear between the toes, on the sole of the legs, the chin.The swearing condyloma has a slightly stewed hard appearance due to walking and pressure.Often painful, but not cancer.
- Movies or acrocodes - They are characteristic of the elderly.Exterior thick yellowish color.Gentle growth in time.Always have a thin leg.They are located with armpits, in the neck, in the skin folding and in the groin.It is not capable of malignancy.
- Flat - Small numerous flat -shaped skin formations.They rise just above the skin.They have a body or light brown color.They are located on the face, at the top of the chest, in the area of the anus.Low risk of malformation.
- Sharp warts or warts - They only occur on the genitals.The path of infection is mostly sexual.Able to overcome in malignant education.
Some forms of HPV lead to a dangerous disease of laryngeal papillomatosis.White plaque and growth prevent normal breathing, affect the voice strings.This condition can lead to suffocation.Often this diagnosis is diagnosed in children.With complex current, the virus decreases and affects bronchi, lungs and trachea.
The danger of skin growth
Most of them do not pose a threat to life and health.They are only an aesthetic defect and cause psychological discomfort.
But if the papilloma is caused by a high level of oncogenicity, then in adverse circumstances, it can lead to an oncological diagnosis.Malignant education leads to severe intoxication as well as to metastases.
Factors that are able to provoke the malformation of education:
- sunburn and exposure to ultraviolet radiation;
- papilloma infection as a result of its injury;
- Chronic inflammation in the body and constant decrease in immunity.
Also, growth is often growing, their number increases.They tend to merge into groups, resulting in a large affected area.Rubbing clothes can lead to injury and bleeding of growth.
When to see a doctor
Be sure to contact a dermatologist for verification if the following changes are noticed:
- After injury, the wound does not heal.Liquid release is observed, pain occurs on touch.
- The color of the formation became darker.
- The papilloma began to increase in size.
- Distance of pus.
- The appearance of an unpleasant odor.
- Rubbing pain even at rest.
- Hair loss in the growth zone.
Every skin education is subject to study and monitoring with a genetic predisposition to oncology.If papillomas carry discomfort to everyday life and interfere, then they are subject to mechanical removal.
Diagnosis and treatment of papillomas
Depending on the location site, you should contact a dermatologist, gynecologist or urologist.The following studies are necessarily conducted to evaluate growth:
- Dermatoscopy is a detailed study of the papilloma through an increasing device.
- Blood test to detect antibodies to HPV.
- PCR diagnostics.
- Capture of biomaterial for histology (with a suspected malignancy of education).
In vaginal formations, the doctor takes strokes from the urethra or cervix.The analysis is performed for the presence of PPI.Diagnosis in the presence of Condi is performed by both partners.
In multiple rashes, an immune status verification analysis may be performed.
The treatment of the disease is aimed at suppressing the virus and increased immunity.For this preliminary removal of all outgrowths as sources of the virus.Then antiviral therapy and immunomodulators are performed.
Methods to remove formations
Depending on the size and location of the location, the doctor may offer the following methods for removing operation.
- Crossing or exposure to liquid nitrogen.
The disadvantage of this method is that the specialist cannot accurately control the depth of exposure.Therefore, burns or incomplete deletion of education are possible. - Laser removal
This is a modern method that allows you to get rid of several formations in one session.Leaves no scars or scars.This does not lead to bleeding as the process of burning blood vessels takes place.There are a number of contraindications. - Electrocoagulation.
This method involves the effect on growth with the help of the electrode.Effective for protruding papillomas that have a leg.Used in the intimate area.Advantage: For additional laboratory tests, remote growth can be sent. - Radio wave method or radio -biller method.
A specialist can individually choose the length and power of the radio wave, given the depth of growth.It is performed with the help of the Surgitron apparatus.Healthy cells are not damaged, a point effect on growth with a thin electrode occurs.Rehabilitation is not required.
In rare cases, surgical cutting of education is used.It is used for large formations or in the presence of signs of a malignant hand.This is the most radical but effective method.Subsequent recovery is required.There is often a small scar.The risk of relapse is minimal as the surgeon completely eliminates the growth affecting the healthy area.Operation was undergoing local anesthesia.
Single ordinary papillomas can be removed with the help of special compounds.They contain alkaline or acids in the composition.But with this method there is a high risk of burning.In addition, with incomplete growth removal, new entities often occur.Independent withdrawal of formations can have serious negative effects.
Preventive measures
It is possible to completely prevent HPV infection with vaccination only.But it is advisable to spend it only before the start of sexual activity.It only protects against the most dangerous types of virus that can lead to oncology.
In order to reduce the risk of papillomas, it is necessary to follow elementary rules.
- Do not go barefoot in public resting places.Only use your shoes.
- In public toilets, use disposable lining.
- Use a condom for an oral and vaginal form of sex.But this will only give 50% protection as there is a simple enough bodily close contact for infection.
- Strive for a monogamous connection.
- To minimize close communication with an infected person who has external manifestations of the disease.
Particular attention should be paid to health if pregnancy is planned.To do this, first -hand over the HPV detection test.
To avoid recurrence of pathology after removal, you should accurately monitor all your doctor's recommendations.You need to take care of immunity by supporting it at the optimal level.To do this, you need to eat properly and completely, exercise and give up bad habits.
The very presence of HPV in the body is not a reason to sound the alarm and to start increased treatment.But if the skin is found on the skin, it is better to consult a doctor.